The UNSCARRed Study: UNresctable Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Avelumab and Radical Radiation Therapy

Titre officiel

UNresectable Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Avelumab and Radical Radiation Therapy. A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of the Combined Use of Avelumab With Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Unresectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Sommaire:

Le but de cette étude est de déterminer les effets de la radiothérapie en association avec l’avélumab sur votre organisme et votre cancer. L’efficacité de ce traitement ainsi que ses effets secondaires seront étudiés. 

Le carcinome épidermoïde de la peau est le type de cancer le plus souvent diagnostiqué. Les facteurs de risque d’apparition du carcinome épidermoïde comprennent l’exposition aux rayons ultraviolets (soleil) ainsi que le vieillissement. Dans la plupart des cas, le traitement consiste en une intervention chirurgicale mineure. Il arrive toutefois qu’il soit impossible de traiter le carcinome épidermoïde par ablation chirurgicale en raison de son emplacement ou de son étendue ou de facteurs propres au patient qui rendraient la chirurgie dangereuse (par exemple, la présence de maladies non liées au carcinome épidermoïde comme une maladie cardiaque ou un accident vasculaire cérébral). 

Lorsqu’il est impossible de procéder à une ablation de la tumeur, la radiothérapie peut servir de traitement de substitution efficace. Le carcinome épidermoïde étant généralement très sensible aux rayonnements, la radiothérapie offre des chances de guérison. 

La radiothérapie permet dans certains cas de guérir le carcinome épidermoïde, mais la guérison n’est pas assurée dans tous les cas. Cette étude porte sur l’association de la radiothérapie et de l’immunothérapie. Un plus grand nombre de patients atteints du carcinome épidermoïde de la peau peuvent être guéris lorsque ces traitements sont administrés en concomitance. 

L’immunothérapie est efficace comme traitement du carcinome épidermoïde. Dans le cadre des essais cliniques, l’immunothérapie s’avère bénéfique chez plus de la moitié des patients. L’immunothérapie diffère de la chimiothérapie. L’immunothérapie consiste plutôt en l’administration d’anticorps qui ciblent le système immunitaire d’une personne. L’immunothérapie « réactive » le système immunitaire d’une personne pour qu’il combatte le cancer dont elle est atteinte. 

Le traitement offert dans le cadre de cet essai clinique comprend des séances quotidiennes de radiothérapie et une immunothérapie administrée une fois toutes les deux semaines. L’immunothérapie utilisée est un médicament appelé l’avélumab, un anticorps qui aide le système immunitaire à combattre le cancer. 

Santé Canada, l’autorité chargée de la réglementation concernant l’utilisation des produits de santé naturels, des médicaments et des instruments médicaux au Canada, n’a pas approuvé la vente ou l’usage de l’avélumab pour traiter ce type de cancer, bien qu’elle ait permis son utilisation dans le cadre de cette étude.

Description de l'essai

Primary Outcome:

• Objective response rate (assessing change in tumour response before treatment vs after)

Secondary Outcome:

• Progression-free survival
• Clinical and pathological response rate
• Safety analysis: CTCAE v.4.03

The treatment of patients with unresectable cuSCC is challenging, and represents an area of high unmet need. Treatment options within this patient population are limited; hence most patients undergo monotherapy with radiation leading to suboptimal outcomes. Inadequately treated disease may cause high morbidity, negatively impacting quality of life and leading to increased costs for supportive care. To address the unmet needs of these patients, we propose an exploratory trial combining Avelumab with radiation therapy, with an investigational plan to study clinical and health services outcomes. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma also represents a unique opportunity for correlative studies, given the accessibility of disease. The schedule of patient biopsies has been designed to allow analyses following treatment with Avelumab monotherapy as well as concurrent Avelumab/RT. We therefore propose additional biomarker outcomes, which may improve the care of patients with cuSCC as well as those with a host of solid tumours already sensitive to immunotherapy.

• Patients with cuSCC deemed unresectable (TxNxM0

• stage I-IV, M0);

• Prior to screening, patients will be reviewed at a bi-monthly multi-disciplinary cutaneous tumour board to determine unresectability; representatives from dermatology, pathology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, general surgery, and if deemed necessary, plastic surgery will be included;

• Patients must possess an Eastern Co-operative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2 This study has been designed as an open-label, non-randomized, single-arm phase II study to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of Avelumab in combination with radiation therapy in patients with unresectable cuSCC. All evaluable patients will be evaluated using identical instruments, and analysis will be by intent-to-treat. Toxicity will be assessed using standardized criteria (CTCAE version 4.03) by trained trial staff. Quality of life instruments will be administered to patients prior to their medical assessments. Every effort will be made to limit lost or missing data and incomplete follow-up. Based on the primary objective of the study sample size of 20 patients is proposed. This sample size calculation is based on the historical response rate associated with radiation therapy of 50%. The investigators predict an improvement in response using Avelumab and radiation therapy of 30%, in other words a net overall response rate of 80%. Utilizing a one-sided, binomial hypothesis test with a target p value of 0.05, the total sample size would be 18 to achieve a power of 80% for the study. The null hypothesis will be rejected if 13 out of 18 patients demonstrate an objective tumour response following treatment, indicating further study is warranted. Assuming a dropout rate of 10% (patient dropout defined as voluntary withdrawal from active therapy prior to completion of treatment), an additional 2 patients would have to be enrolled, bringing the total target enrollment to 20 patients. The total duration of accrual is anticipated to last 26 months. With a maximum follow-up of 24 months following treatment of the eighteenth patient enrolled to study, the maximum study duration is not anticipated to exceed 50 months. The provision of a tumour biopsy is optional, but strongly encouraged. For those patients who consent to tumour biopsy, samples (either punch, needle-core or shave-biopsy) will be obtained in advance of treatment, 2 weeks post first cycle of Avelumab (but before the initiation of radiation therapy) and in conjunction with the 30-day safety analysis. An electronic data capture system will be used in this trial. A case report form (CRF) will have to be completed for each consented patient. The site maintains a separate source of data. This data will be entered by the site into the electronic data capture system This study is proposed as a phase II study with objective response rate as the primary endpoint. Refer to section 3.3.1 for the estimated calculation of study sample size. If the study conduct (e.g. recruitment rate, drop-out rate, data quality, protocol compliance) does not suggest a proper completion of the study within a reasonable time frame the trial will be terminated. This will be done in consultation with the CCI DSMB. The trial activities performed at the CCI will be monitored by the Cross Cancer Institute, Investigator Initiated Trials Data Safety Monitoring Board. The DSMB is independent of the investigator and is composed of representatives from both medical and radiation oncology. Further details about its charter can be found by contacting the Project Manager, Investigator Initiated Clinical Trials at the Cross Cancer institute.

Voir cet essai sur ClinicalTrials.gov